History of Enamel Pottery: Sixth century AH

History of Enamel Pottery: Sixth century AH
In the sixth century AH, a technical innovation revolutionized the way of pottery,
During this period, potters invented alkaline glaze
This type of glaze was more capable of accepting paint, glaze and enamel.
During this period the dishes were white or light blue
And in the enamel pottery of this period, the decorations made mostly include hunting scenes,
Using black, white or gold enamel, they have created very beautiful and attractive decorations.

History of Enamel Pottery: Seljuk period

History of Enamel Pottery: Seljuk period
The use of enamel method in pottery became popular in Iran during the Seljuk period and reached its perfection.
In that period, copper sulfate and silver and gold nitrate as well as bismuth nitrate were used to decorate pottery;
And sometimes with silver carbonate and copper carbonate, they created beautiful colors.
In the Seljuk period, the method of making enamel pottery was as follows:
Which combined one part of the above-mentioned ingredients with three parts of ocher flowers and gum arabic, which was completely ground and softened,
And then painted in a thin layer on the glaze.
The enamel method, which used a combination of primary and golden colors, was called seven colors.
The background color in this method is cobalt blue, which is placed under a clear and colorless glaze.
Seven-color pottery was often produced in Rey, Saveh, Kashan and Neishabour, and the best enamel or seven-color pottery was for the city of Rey.

History of Enamel Pottery

Enamel pottery has always been considered since ancient times and many potters made enamel pottery.
There are usually two stages of baking in glazing, the first stage is called biscuit,
In the second stage of baking, enamel glaze is used to decorate pottery.
To create enamel pottery, aluminum silicate is used to make clay.
In this method, the soil used in pottery is usually porcelain or kaolin.
In the enamel method, they paint with enamel liquid on glazed dishes.
This liquid turns into a thin layer of metal after cooking under the atmosphere of the furnace.
It can be seen in gold, copper, juniper or other colors.

part2/ 10 benefits of pottery for health

6. Pottery, a sport for the hands, wrists and arms:
Although the movements required for pottery are gentle, they strengthen the arms, wrists, and arms.
This is why pottery is recommended for people with arthritis (arthritis of the hand) because it strengthens joint movements and makes the limbs more active.
So one of the benefits of pottery is: strengthening the muscles of the hands.

7. Pottery, an incentive to socialize:
Pottery is sometimes used as an activity that involves both the mind and the body.
It is the best entertainment for people who prefer to drain their energy internally.
However, by participating in group pottery, individuals can build social relationships with other potters with high self-confidence.
And at the same time, silence and tranquility prevail in the atmosphere.
The atmosphere, usually familiar with pottery, causes those social stresses that prevent the onset of conversation and association.
Minimized or eliminated.

8. Pottery, a natural soothing:
Sometimes stress leads to pain and discomfort in different parts of the body.
Many experts and people believe that pottery is a hobby that reduces stress and increases self-esteem;
This is why this art can relieve stress-induced pain in a completely natural way.

9. Recording memories with pottery:
Archaeological excavations are being carried out to retrieve man-made plains from ancient civilizations.
Some of the artifacts that have survived for thousands of years are pottery;
So your artwork has the potential to be immortal.
Even if you do not hope that your work will be discovered by future civilizations, you can review this success in the future and feel proud by putting it in the shop window.

10. Improving the quality of life with the help of pottery:
Art is one of the most important pastimes in the field of expression.
This is one of the best ways you can connect with yourself and help your body and mind grow.
Starting to create new works, learning new techniques and finishing old works will make a lifelong commitment to always seek to learn and maintain a rewarding pastime.

part1/ 10 benefits of pottery for health

Benefits of pottery:
Many believe that the art of pottery can play a role as a kind of healing and soothing.
When you spin the mud, your mind and body are in a natural convergence and collaboration, and surround your creative goals and aspirations.
This intellectual and artistic activity can open your mind and free you from external worries.
Here are 10 benefits that pottery brings to you.

Creative expression with pottery:
Expression through the creation of objects has many benefits for our body and mind.
Art is a tool and a way to express oneself, and pottery, as a branch of art, can be a way of expressing one's inner self.
So one of the benefits of pottery is: creating creativity by creating works of art.

Increase optimism for the future with pottery:
Pottery allows progress.
There is a way out of sorrow.
Helps you in self-knowledge and self-expression and increases self-confidence and self-esteem.
So one of the benefits of pottery is to create a good and positive feeling, which makes a person move and succeed in different aspects of life.

Pottery and its effect on increasing concentration:
Pottery enables you to forget the worries of life and focus on creating the object you want.
In doing so, external factors do not affect your work and all your time and energy is spent on creation.
The ability to fully focus on a task helps the mind to relax and grow.
This in turn will help you to focus well on other issues in life.
So one of the benefits of pottery is that it increases concentration, which everyone needs a lot in their life.

4. Exploration and experimentation with the help of pottery:
Pottery helps you to express your creativity; A power that is inherently related to our growth and how we relate to the environment.
This is a great way for all ages to discover what they can do.
Maybe you are much more creative than you think, and on the other hand, there is no right or wrong in pottery, and your hand is completely open to creativity.

5. Reduce stress with pottery:
Our hands are one of the outputs of creativity and the sense of touch is very important in this regard.
Shaping the mud and producing the final product requires a great deal of focus, so that distractions are minimized, and as a result, stress and worries are reduced.
So one of the benefits of pottery is: it creates peace.

:Patina work on pottery with oil and acrylic paint

Tap the brush with the machine paint in a vertical motion and tap the fabric to get extra color. Now paint the brush vertically in machine paint and use it to paint the work. Painting on pottery can be any color, But the combination of khaki, turquoise, car and green colors can create a better sense of old age.
A flat, flat brush is more suitable for painting in this way.
For shading, you can use a combination of crown and silver powder in polished oil.
This combination is well applicable for practicing and starting work, but in more advanced stages, Goldfinger is used for shading.
Which is also more expensive and is not recommended for beginners.​​​​​​

Steps to create Zarrin Pham glaze:

Steps to create Zarrin Pham glaze:
Next, the pan was heated for the second time in a lower temperature oven.
After that, the ocher paint was slowly removed from the surface of the cooled dish, and the pottery glaze design remained constant with a metallic sheen.
The unique shine created in these dishes was very beautiful and eye-catching and will remain on the pottery forever.
The method of using Zarrin Pham glaze has been as follows:

This type of pottery is made of yellow flowers
After drying, the body is covered with a opaque shell and liner of pottery glaze.
And then cook in the oven.
In the next step, the face and pattern were painted with yellow, brown and red tin oxide on the pottery body.
And for the second time it was baked in an oven under iron oxide conditions.
Due to the interactions of mineral oxide and smoke, it covered a thin sheet of metal on the pottery in golden, light reddish brown and purple colors.

?What is Zarrin Pham Glaze

The production and production of Zarrin Pham glaze began in the third century AH in Iran.
And the potters in this period were looking for very beautiful golden pottery.
In this way, they were able to create golden and very beautiful dishes by inventing the golden glaze in this period.
To use the golden-colored pottery glaze, the vessel was first heated and glazed by a conventional method.
And then the surface was cooled on the glaze.
Golden-colored pottery glaze is initially made by a combination of sulfur, silver oxide and copper oxide.
It was painted in combination with yellow or red ocher flowers and then the dish was placed in vinegar.
Types of pottery glazes
In alkaline glazes:
If the amount of alkali is high, the glaze will crack.
The use of sodium mineral deposits is not common in glazing and potash can be used.
Salt glazes:
There are also those that evaporate due to the heat of the fire and the steam from its fuel,
It makes sodium oxide, and this oxide, together with the silica in the dough, causes the pottery glaze.
Clay slurry glazes:
There is another type of pottery glaze that forms a thin crust on the pottery in the form of ferrous clay.
Red clays melt up to 1200 ° C.
Production of golden glaze:
One of the most important services of Islamic potters has been the growth and development of the pottery industry in the world.
Due to the brilliant and shiny appearance of the golden glaze, which resembled the luster of a precious metal,
This glaze was used to decorate pottery.

Types of pottery glazes partII

In alkaline glazes:
If the amount of alkali is high, the glaze will crack.
The use of sodium mineral deposits is not common in glazing and potash can be used.
Salt glazes:
There are also those that evaporate due to the heat of the fire and the steam from its fuel,
It makes sodium oxide, and this oxide, together with the silica in the dough, causes the pottery glaze.
Clay slurry glazes:
There is another type of pottery glaze that forms a thin crust on the pottery in the form of ferrous clay.
Red clays melt up to 1200 ° C.
Production of golden glaze:
One of the most important services of Islamic potters has been the growth and development of the pottery industry in the world.
Due to the brilliant and shiny appearance of the golden glaze, which resembled the luster of a precious metal,
This glaze was used to decorate pottery.

 

Types of pottery glazes

Pottery is decorated with beautiful and unique decorations using paints and glazes.
Decorating pottery with various patterns and decorations with colorful and beautiful glazes has become popular in Iran since the beginning of Islam.
During this period, vessels with a light golden green to dark brown luster were seen on a creamy white glaze.
Sometimes pottery is made with blue or turquoise glaze.

In pottery, several types of glazes can be used, some of which are soft and some of which are hard.
Soft glazes are glazes that have a low degree of baking.
And hard glazes are glazes that have a higher degree of baking.
In general, it can be said that lead glazes are soft glazes.
Quartz and feldspar glazes are also considered as hard glazes.
Lead glazes include lime, potash, and clay, which are easy to obtain;
Because clay and lead oxide are cooked at 1150 ° C.
Therefore, pottery should be baked first and then this type of glaze should be used to decorate them.
Sodium, potash, lime and quartz glazes are first formed into a glass paste.